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Noun and Adjective Plurals
Nouns and adjectives form their plurals the same way; a few have no plural form. Here is a summary of the most common word types and their plural endings. See also adjective forms.
 
Plural ending Words ending in: Examples
-s
  1. an unstressed vowel
  2. stressed -e
  1. casa→casas, bonito→bonitos, fuerte→fuertes
  2. café→cafés
-es
  1. a consonant other than -s
  2. stressed vowel plus -s
  3. one-syllable words not ending in -e
  4. -í, ú, -á5
  1. español→españoles, ciudad→ciudades, reloj→relojes
  2. autobús→autobuses1, francés→franceses1, país→países2
  3. mes→meses, vez→veces3
  4. rubí→rubíes, tabú→tabúes
none

Unstressed vowel plus -s

lunes→lunes; abrelatas→abrelatas4; análisis→análisis

 
 
  1. Accent not used in the plural because the plural form has regular stress. In other cases, a plural form needs an accent where the singular doesn't; EG: origen→orígenes
  2. Words that have an accent to show that í or ú is in separate syllable (raíz→raíces, baúl→baúles, etc.) retain accent in plural.
  3. Note spelling change in words ending in z (feliz→felices, etc.)
  4. There are many compound nouns in this pattern, all with no plural ending, some others: paraguas (raincoat); pisapapeles (paperweight)
  5. Exceptions: papá→papás; mamá→mamás; sofá→sofás, menú→menús
 
 
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